1- Institute for Planning Studies
2- Economcis Department, Allameh Tabataba'i University ,mazyaki@atu.ac.ir
2- Economcis Department, Allameh Tabataba'i University ,
Abstract: (106 Views)
This study examines the gender wage gap in Iran’s labor market while addressing a key empirical challenge: the low rate of women’s economic participation, which leads to a lack of wage data for a large proportion of women. To correct for the resulting sample selection bias, the analysis employs the Heckit two-step model, incorporating variables that influence labor force participation.
The findings confirm the existence of a gender wage gap disadvantaging women, though the gap is significantly reduced when correcting for sample selection bias. This indicates that part of the observed gap is due to women's low labor force participation rather than wage discrimination alone. The wage gap is more pronounced in self-employed roles than in wage employment and is absent in the public sector. Furthermore, the gap increases with work experience and decreases with higher education levels. Middle-tier occupations exhibit the largest gender wage disparity. Sector-wise, the gap is highest in industry, moderate in agriculture, and lowest in services.
The findings confirm the existence of a gender wage gap disadvantaging women, though the gap is significantly reduced when correcting for sample selection bias. This indicates that part of the observed gap is due to women's low labor force participation rather than wage discrimination alone. The wage gap is more pronounced in self-employed roles than in wage employment and is absent in the public sector. Furthermore, the gap increases with work experience and decreases with higher education levels. Middle-tier occupations exhibit the largest gender wage disparity. Sector-wise, the gap is highest in industry, moderate in agriculture, and lowest in services.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
economic development, regional economics and growth
Received: May 03 2025 | Accepted: May 31 2025
Received: May 03 2025 | Accepted: May 31 2025
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