Volume 27, Issue 2 (Summer 2022)                   JPBUD 2022, 27(2): 127-152 | Back to browse issues page


XML Persian Abstract Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Pakdaman Y, Barkish A, Akhavan Arij M. (2022). Investigating the Asymmetric Effects of Financial Development on Income Inequality in Iran: Using Nonlinear Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) Approach. JPBUD. 27(2), 127-152. doi:10.52547/jpbud.27.2.127
URL: http://jpbud.ir/article-1-2059-en.html
1- Faculty of Economics, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
2- Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.
3- Institute for Management and Planning Studies, Tehran, Iran , 100075@mporg.ir
Abstract:   (2340 Views)
The relationship between financial development and income inequality is one of the topics that has been the focus of researchers and economic policymakers since the 1990s; hence extensive empirical studies attempt to determine the type of effect of financial development on income inequality in the world. In Iran, in recent decades, studies have been conducted to investigate the effects of financial development on income inequality within the framework of the inverted U hypothesis and linear relationships between these indicators. In the present study, the asymmetric and non-linear effects of financial development on income inequality for the period 2013-2016 have been investigated. The current research method is organized in the category of applied research, and for this purpose, the NARDL model has been used; the use of this approach is the distinguishing feature of the present study compared to other studies conducted in Iran. The results show that financial development has a negative relationship with income inequality in Iran, and this relationship is consistent with the inequality reduction hypothesis. Also, the existence of long-term asymmetric effects has been confirmed in the model, so increasing and decreasing the financial development of income inequality in the long term bears different statistical effects.
Full-Text [PDF 1043 kb]   (760 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Research | Subject: Macroeconomics
Received: Oct 31 2021 | Accepted: Sep 13 2022 | ePublished: Dec 17 2022

References
1. Ang, J. B. (2010). Finance and Inequality: The Case of India. Southern Economic Journal, 76(3), 738-761. [DOI:10.4284/sej.2010.76.3.738]
2. Banerjee, A. V., & Newman, A. F. (1993). Occupational Choice and the Process of Development. Journal of Political Economy, 101(2), 274-298. [DOI:10.1086/261876]
3. Batuo, M. E., Guidi, F., & Mlambo, K. (2010). Financial Development and Income Inequality: Evidence from African Countries. MPRA Paper No. 25658. [https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/id/eprint/25658]
4. Bezemer, D., & Samarina, A. (2016). Debt Shift, Financial Development and Income Inequality in Europe. University of Groningen, Research Institute SOM (Systems, Organizations and Management, Groningen).
5. Bolarinwa, S. T., Vo, X. V., & Olufolahan, T. J. (2021). The Effect of Financial Development on Income Inequality in Africa. Development Southern Africa, 38(2), 311-329. [DOI:10.1080/0376835X.2020.1838261]
6. Clarke, G. R., Zou, H.-f., & Xu, L. C. (2003). Finance and Income Inequality: Test of Alternative Theories (Vol. 2984): World Bank Publications. [DOI:10.2139/ssrn.364160]
7. Dahmardeh, N., & Shokri, Z. (2010). The Effects of Financial Development on Income Distribution in Iran. Quarterly Journal of Economic Research and Policies, 18(54), 147-164. [http://qjerp.ir/article-1-241-fa.html]
8. De Gregorio, J., & Guidotti, P. E. (1995). Financial Development and Economic Growth. World Development, 23(3), 433-448. [DOI:10.1016/0305-750X(94)00132-I]
9. Destek, M. A., Sinha, A., & Sarkodie, S. A. (2020). The Relationship between Financial Development and Income Inequality in Turkey. Journal of Economic Structures, 9(1), 1-14. [DOI:10.1186/s40008-020-0187-6]
10. Dhrifi, A. (2015). Financial Development and the" Growth-Inequality-Poverty" Triangle. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 6(4), 1163-1176. [DOI:10.1007/s13132-014-0200-0]
11. Dizaji, M., & Ahangari, G. M. (2016). The Influence of Financial Development on Income Distribution in Some Selected Countries. Financial Economics, 9(33), 75-104. [https://ecj.ctb.iau.ir/article_523864.html]
12. Elmi, Z., & Ariyani, F. (2014). Financial Development and the Distribution of Income in IRAN. Iranian Journal of Trade Studies, 18(69), 133-158. [http://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_6303.html]
13. Galor, O., & Zeira, J. (1993). Income Distribution and Macroeconomics. The Review of Economic Studies, 60(1), 35-52. [DOI:10.2307/2297811]
14. Ghanbari, A., Aghaei, M., & Rezagholizadeh, M. (2011). Investigation of the Effect of Financial Development on Income Distribution in Iran. Economics Research, 11(40), 1-29. [https://joer.atu.ac.ir/article_2558.html]
15. Granger, C. W., & Yoon, G. (2002). Hidden Cointegration. U of California, Economics Working Paper No. 2002-02). [DOI:10.2139/ssrn.313831]
16. Greenwood, J., & Jovanovic, B. (1990). Financial Development, Growth, and the Distribution of Income. Journal of Political Economy, 98(5, Part 1), 1076-1107. [DOI:10.1086/261720]
17. Gupta, R. (2005). Essays on Financial Repression. (Doctoral Dissertations). University of Connecticut. [https://opencommons.uconn.edu/dissertations/AAI3180207]
18. Haffejee, M. I., & Masih, M. (2018). Is the Relationship between Financial Development and Income Inequality Symmetric or Asymmetric? New Evidence from South Africa Based on NARDL. MPRA Paper No. 87574. [https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/id/eprint/87574]
19. Jalilian, H., & Kirkpatrick, C. (2002). Financial Development and Poverty Reduction in Developing Countries. International Journal of Finance & Economics, 7(2), 97-108. [DOI:10.1002/ijfe.179]
20. Jiang, C., & Ma, X. (2019). The Impact of Financial Development on Carbon Emissions: A Global Perspective. Sustainability, 11(19), 5241. [DOI:10.3390/su11195241]
21. Khan, A. Q., Hafeez, M. H., Saleem, N., & Azam, M. (2018). Exploring the Impact of Financial Development on Inequality: Evidence from Three Asian Countries. Review of Economics and Development Studies, 4(2), 341-355. [DOI:10.26710/reads.v4i2.419]
22. Li, H., Squire, L., & Zou, H. f. (1998). Explaining International and Intertemporal Variations in Income Inequality. The Economic Journal, 108(446), 26-43. [DOI:10.1111/1468-0297.00271]
23. Liang, Z. (2006). Financial Development and Income Distribution: A System GMM Panel Analysis with Application to Urban China. Journal of Economic Development, 31(2), 1-21.
24. Liang, Z. (2008). Financial Development and Income Inequality in Rural China 1991-2000. In Understanding Inequality and Poverty in China (pp. 72-88): Springer. [DOI:10.1057/9780230584259_3]
25. Mohammadi, F., Solaymani, S., & Solaymani, M. (2011). Quantitative Reassessment of the Financial Development-Growth Nexus: Application of ARDL and VDCM Models. Planning and Budgeting, 15(2), 113-139. [http://jpbud.ir/article-1-20-fa.html]
26. Motafakkerazad, M. A., Assadzadeh, A., & Sheykhmaollayi, M. (2019). The Effect of Financial Development on Income Inequality in Iran: Structural Vector Auto-Regression Approach. The Economic Research, 19(1), 161-191. [http://ecor.modares.ac.ir/article-18-16302-fa.html]
27. Mukherjee, S. B., & Ray, A. (2009). Innovative Work Behavior of Managers: Implications Regarding Stressful Challenges of Modernized Public-and Private-Sector Organizations. Industrial Psychiatry Journal, 18(2), 101. [DOI:10.4103/0972-6748.62269]
28. Nasr, A. B., Balcilar, M., Gupta, R., & Akadiri, S. S. (2020). Asymmetric Effects of Inequality on Real Output Levels of the United States. Eurasian Economic Review, 10(1), 47-69. [DOI:10.1007/s40822-019-00129-x]
29. Pesaran, M. H., Shin, Y., & Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3), 289-326. [DOI:10.1002/jae.616]
30. Piraei, K., & Baligh, N. (2015). The Relationship between Financial Developments and Income Inequality in Iran. The Economic Research, 15(3), 1-21. [http://ecor.modares.ac.ir/article-18-4637-fa.html]
31. Rezagholizadeh, M., & Aghaei, M. (2019). Financial Development and Inequality: Comparing Developed, Less Developed and Undeveloped Provinces in Iran. Regional Planning, 9(33), 15-28. [http://jzpm.marvdasht.iau.ir/article_3418.html]
32. Salmani, B., Asgharpour, H., & Jalilpour, S. (2016). The Effect of Government Policies and Public Debt on Financial Development in Iran. Planning and Budgeting, 21(1), 83-104. [http://jpbud.ir/article-1-959-fa.html]
33. Shahabadi, A., & Amiri, B. (2014). The Effect of Financial Development on Poverty in Eight Islamic Countries (D8 Group). Planning and Budgeting, 18(4), 27-42. [http://jpbud.ir/article-1-1115-fa.html]
34. Shahbaz, M., & Islam, F. (2011). Financial Development and Income Inequality in Pakistan: An Application of ARDL Approach. MPRA Paper No. 28222. [https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/id/eprint/28222]
35. Shin, Y., Yu, B., & Greenwood-Nimmo, M. (2014). Modelling Asymmetric Cointegration and Dynamic Multipliers in a Nonlinear ARDL Framework. In Festschrift in Honor of Peter Schmidt (pp. 281-314): Springer. [DOI:10.1007/978-1-4899-8008-3_9]
36. Taghavi, M. (2009). Financial Development Investment and Economic Growth. Financial Knowledge of Securities Analysis, 2(2), 51-64. [https://jfksa.srbiau.ac.ir/article_5000.html]
37. Zhang, Q., & Chen, R. (2015). Financial Development and Income Inequality in China: An Application of SVAR Approach. Procedia Computer Science, 55(1), 774-781. [DOI:10.1016/j.procs.2015.07.159]

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

© 2024 CC BY-NC 4.0 | Planning and Budgeting

Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb