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بررسی جهانی شدن و تاثیر سرمایه فیزیکی و انسانی بر رشد بهره‌وری کل عوامل در ایران: رویکرد رگرسیون کوانتایل
عباس آزادی*1 ، صفورا کاکی2
1- استادیار، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران ، a.azadi@ilam.ac.ir
2- کارشناسی ارشد، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران
چکیده:   (728 مشاهده)
سرمایه فیزیکی و  انسانی در ارتقاء رشد و بهره‌وری جزو مهم‌ترین موضوعاتی هستند که موردتوجه اقتصاددانان قرارگرفته است. رسیدن به رشد اقتصادی از اصلی‌ترین دغدغه‌های اقتصاددانان در دهه‌های اخیر بوده و نیازمند توجه بیشتر به سازوکارهای ویژه‌ای مانند شاخص کمی و کیفی، سرمایه فیزیکی و انسانی و جهانی‌شدن است. جهانی‌شدن و سرمایه انسانی می‌توانند در صورت استفاده صحیح، رشد و بهره‌وری را ارتقاء دهند. با توجه به این موضوع، هدف این مطالعه بررسی تأثیر سرمایه های فیزیکی، انسانی و جهانی‌شدن بر رشد بهره‌وری کل عوامل در ایران با بررسی دو رویکرد رگرسیونی  (ARDL) و  رگرسیون کوانتایل طی دوره زمانی 1402-1357 است. یافته‌های این مطالعه نشان داد که جهانی‌شدن و سرمایه های فیزیکی و انسانی در کوتاه مدت و بلند مدت و کوانتایل های مختلف اثر مثبت و معناداری بر رشد بهره‌وری داشته‌اند. همچنین در مدل (ARDL) عدم تعادل های کوتاه مدت  رشد بهره وری با 61/0 درصد تعدیل به سمت تعادل بلند مدت حرکت می کند. جهانی‌شدن در کوانتایل‌های بالا دارای اثر کاهشی و سرمایه فیزیکی و انسانی دارای تاثیر افزایشی بر رشد بهره وری بوده است. علاوه بر متغیرهای اصلی پژوهش اثر شاخص توسعه مالی، نرخ ارز، نیروی کار بر رشد بهره وری نیز بررسی شد که اثر گذاری شاخص مالی معنادار نبود و افزایش نرخ ارز تقویت کننده اثر منفی بر رشد بهره وری بوده، همچنین تاثیر نیروی کار بر رشد بهره وری دارای تاثیر مثبت و معنادار بوده است. در پایان جهت بررسی تاثیرگذاری اثر رشد بهره وری بر متغیرهای مستقل از آزمون نیووی و پاول استفاده شد که این نتیجه حاصل شد، تقارن دو طرفه  وجود دارد.
 
واژه‌های کلیدی: جهانی‌شدن، سرمایه انسانی، بهره‌وری، سرمایه فیزیکی، رگرسیون کوانتایل.
     
پژوهشی: پژوهشي | موضوع مقاله: اقتصاد کلان
دریافت: 1404/10/16 | پذیرش: 1405/4/8
فهرست منابع
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